IMO the reason Sean says the current pulse in the Orbo needs to be constant is due to their years of experiments. According to my years of magnetic research, which is based on conventional physics, the key is magnetic viscosity. The toroid has low viscosity, but the NdFeB magnets have high magnetic viscosity, on the order of ~ 100 us. In terms of saturating a typical core, that’s a short period of time. As was seen in most Orbo replications initially, the current pulse rise time was noticeable, far about 100 us. My “Tiny Orbo Replication 1″ pulse took ~ 60 us to 80 us, which is just barely fast enough to capture the excess energy. The “Tiny Orbo Replication 2″ is 10 us!
So does this mean the current pulse must be a square wave? IMO what’s most important is the initial part of the pulse, as it must quickly reach maximum before the NdFeB magnets can react. As to if the current pulse decays or climbs after that should not make too much difference. Obviously if it decays, you’ll lose a bit of performance.
I am not affiliated with Steorn. Orbo is trademarked by Steorn.
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Interesting data Paul.
I wasn’t aware of the viscosity of the NdFeB magnets, but now you mentioned it, it makes sense.
This means no ceramic magnets should be used.