Global Free Energy Blog

Below is a proposed high voltage experiment.

It appears there might be an unknown source of energy that flows between opposite electric charges, along the electric lines if you will. Read Unknown Energy on some correlations.

Within the diode & piezo exists an intense electric field, but the problem with these components is the resistance is extremely high, in the giga ohms. There are low resistance diodes, but the internal electric field at the junction is low in such diodes.

The Design

One obvious solution is to create an electric field by polarizing two metal plates, and use materials with low resistance, such as Graphite to produce high currents –>

The high voltage goes on the metal foil (purple), where the negative polarity goes on one metal foil, and the positive on the other metal foil. The metal foil should be completely surrounded by plastic or any non-conductive high voltage material. The above photo does not show the metal foil completely encased so as to show it. You could place a coat of silicon paste to completely seal the metal foil. These metal foil can be Aluminum foil. Inner metal foil is across the graphite plate, where two output wires come out. All metal foil can be Aluminum foil.

Experimental Results

Months ago I’ve been secretly running the above experiment, but a very cheap version due to lack of money. Hopefully someone will have more money to do a better version.

In my version, the voltage was only 1300 volts. I used a bunch of diodes and capacitors to build a voltage ladder, and ran 120 VAC (~ 170 Vpp) across the ladder. I did not have enough graphite required for this experiment for the inner solid graphite plate, so I used distilled water instead. The obvious problem with water is dealing with electrochemical reactions. Therefore, instead of metal foil, I bought a bunch of inexpensive small graphite rods from lead pencils and formed a thin solid graphite wall. The electrochemical reactions between distilled water and graphite is extremely low, and should not interfere with the results, but since there will be some residue on the parts from finger prints, etc. you will need to let everything sit & settle down for about one week. During this week most of the electrochemical reactions between the residue on the rods and water should be extinguished, or at least that’s how long it took in my experiment. So, during this week there should NO voltage on the outer metal foil. When the voltage across the output drops to lower than what you can measure, then you can apply the high voltage on the outer metal foil.

So, after waiting ~ a week, the output voltage was extremely low, and the 1300 volts was applied to the outer metal foil. The DC voltage did not change immediately, but slowly over time in began to gradually increase. It went to ~ 30 mV, and from there it began to slowly decline. That is, slowly, as in months. This peak, followed by a slow decline has been seen in diode & piezo experiments.

Since I’m using distilled water, which has high electrical resistance, I had to use a high resistance load of 10 Mohms. Yesterday the current was 0.1 mV DC, which comes to 10 pA!  There’s that magical 10 pA again, but I don’t think it has settled down yet because the day before it was ~ 5 mV (50 times higher). So far it has been oscillating up & down, but with a gradual slow decline. So over the next few days it will most likely bounce up again to a few milli volts. Hopefully … it will settle at ~ 10 pA. If  it does, then I’ll be celebrating, as that will show the same behavior as diodes & piezos. I don’t know why yet, but so far every diode & piezo I’ve tested while loaded has always settled at ~ 10 pA. Dozens of different meters have been used, and various methods. For example, a diode connected to just one thing, a low leakage 1.0 uF capacitor (discharged), both placed inside a thick metal shield for ~ 10 hours, opened metal shield and the measured voltage across the capacitor was 0.353 volts, which comes to ~ 10 pA.

In my cheap version, the distilled water container is ~ 1 cm thick, and ~ 5 cm x 5 cm wide. On the outside of each plastic container (1 x 5 x 5 cm) is a large plastic plate, about 13 cm by 13 cm wide, and one or two millimeters thick. On the outside of that is the thin Aluminum foil, about 5 cm x 5 cm wide.

Usable amounts of Power

So far experimental data has shown that the current produced by diodes & piezos is high initially, but settles down to 10 pA. Once you let the component rest inside shielding for awhile, it’s capable of producing higher current again for awhile. Therefore perhaps it’s best the never allow it to reach the 1o pA level. Instead of leaving the load on all the top, load the device for awhile, remove the load, apply load, remove load, etc.

Guaranteed to work

Getting the DC current & voltage on the output is extremely easily. No tinkering around is required. Although I have not confirmed if this voltage & current is due to any ion leakage from the high voltage. I do not think so because of how extraordinarily slow the rise in voltage occurs, and because the voltage on the output foil gradually decreases over time.

So it’s guaranteed to work; i.e., produce current & voltage. The question is, what’s causing it.

On July 29th, 2009, a theory flashed into my mind. Moments later after analyzing the theory, it felt like a lightning bolt struck me, literally! My entire body was tingling with excitement unlike I’ve never experienced before. IMO, this theory is on the correct path, further details to come, but here’s the outline –>

The eventual goal is to compete the mathematics to prove the theory, which I am working on, but a few areas such as diodes in-parallel is posing some difficulties, mathematically speaking. Diodes in-parallel has always been my nightmare.

Experimental data is showing that electrical resistance of materials, probably all materials, varies to some degree depending on current and settling time. At extremely low current levels, the resistance of insulators can take weeks to appreciably settling down, that is, reach equilibrium. Lets say the diode was reset, IOW disturbed, and the resistance is 10 Gohm, then 1 pA of DC current is forced through the diode. Over time the diodes resistance will slowly increase after being reset. In this example lets say that in 10 hours it eventually settles at 100 Gohm. Now lets decrease the DC current to 10 fA, in which case it settles at 10 Tohm in 5 days.

Resetting the diode is achieved with sufficient energy. For example, 1 uA for 10 seconds might be sufficient to reset one particular diode, or rapidly heating the diode from 70 F to 120 F. When the diode is reset, it is at its minimum zero bias resistance. Once the diode is left unconnected and undisturbed, the resistance begins to slowly increase. It is ambient thermal energy that performs this task. As this slow process occurs, charged carriers become trapped over time jumping from the conduction band to the valence band as the charges drift across the junction.

The moment a load is placed across the LED, the diode is placed out of balance due to noise *current*, and ambient thermal energy causes the resistance to change, which releases charged carriers. While the load stays on the diode, the stored energy from trapped carriers slowly releases, which shrinks the depletion width. As the diodes stored energy depletes, the DC voltage and current will decrease, and will continue to decrease over time. An overly simplified equation would appear as E = I^2 * dR * t, where E is energy, t is time, I is effective noise current, and dR is the change in resistance, as it is the change in resistance that releases the energy stored in the diode.

In order to continually draw energy, on average of course, the load must switch back and forth between normal resistance and insulator. Lets use an example where the switching rate is 10 Hz. For a diode array chip, the load could be 100 ohms for 0.1 seconds, then the next 0.1 seconds it would 10 Tohm, and the next 0.1 seconds it would 100 ohms, etc.

What this means is that expensive THz diodes are not required. Even a cheap low bandwidth amorphous diode would do the job. At such low current levels, the diode reacts at an incredibly slow rate, which of course would rectify Johnson noise, but the DC voltages would be so low that it’s useless here. According to the theory, ambient thermal energy is striving for equilibrium by adapting to the diodes resistance, which varies according to diode load. So if there’s no load connected to the diode, then ambient thermal energy slowly increases diode resistance to maximum. When a load is placed on the diode, more noise current flows through the diode, and it is ambient thermal energy that seeks a new equilibrium state, which releases charged carriers resulting in less resistance.

If the theory is true, it appears that the TED effect is after all a helpful effect, as it’s responsible for the release of charged carriers. To be clear, this theory states that the main DC voltage is not due to the rectification of Johnson noise, but due to ambient thermal energy slowly trapping charged carriers, and then Johnson noise energy releasing such trapped carriers. So it’s not a rectification process per say. This is good news in that leading edge THz diodes are not required to produce a diode array chip that produces usable amounts of power. In fact, inexpensive *amorphous* Silicon diodes would do the job. The chip would consist of at least 10 in-series diodes, and then paralleling such *groups* to obtain sufficient DC current. No two diodes are connected in parallel.